To view a micrograph of ER interpreted using the Gridpoint cross-hairs device, click here. This statement certainly applies to the endoplasmic reticulum an organelle found in eukaryotic cells.
Many of these products are made for and exported to other organelles. This is an electron microscope image showing part of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in a plant root cell from maize. The dark spots are ribosomes. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum: rough endoplasmic reticulum rough ER and smooth endoplasmic reticulum smooth ER. Both types are present in plant and animal cells.
The two types of ER often appear as if separate, but they are sub-compartments of the same organelle. Cells specialising in the production of proteins will tend to have a larger amount of rough ER whilst cells producing lipids fats and steroid hormones will have a greater amount of smooth ER.
Part of the ER is contiguous with the nuclear envelope. The Golgi apparatus is also closely associated with the ER and recent observations suggest that parts of the two organelles, i. This is an extensive organelle composed of greatly convoluted but flattish sealed sacs, which are contiguous with the nuclear membrane.
These are called membrane bound ribosomes and are firmly attached to the outer cytosolic side of the ER About 13 million ribosomes are present on the RER in the average liver cell. Rough ER is found throughout the cell but the density is higher near the nucleus and the Golgi apparatus. This process is called translation. Certain cells of the pancreas and digestive tract produce a high volume of protein as enzymes.
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